RAG vs Fine-Tuning vs Prompt Engineering Optimizing AI Models



AI Summary

Summary of the Video

Topic: Improving Large Language Model Responses

  1. Introduction to Current Equivalent of Vanity Searching
    • Traditional self-searching on Google is now mirrored in querying chatbots.
    • Responses from large language models (LLMs) vary significantly based on training data and knowledge cutoff.
  2. Improving Model Responses
    • Methods to Enhance Responses:
      1. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG):
        • Perform searches for recent or supplemental data to improve answers.
        • Follows a process: retrieval of data, augmentation of the original query with retrieved information, and generation of a response.
        • Uses vector embeddings to find documents semantically similar to the query.
        • Pros: Access to up-to-date, domain-specific information.
        • Cons: Increased latency and computational costs due to additional steps (retrieval and processing).
      2. Fine Tuning:
        • Customize an existing model with additional specialized training data.
        • Adjust internal parameters to develop expertise on focused topics.
        • Pros: Faster inference times and deeper domain expertise.
        • Cons: Requires extensive training data, high computational cost, and may lose general capabilities (catastrophic forgetting).
      3. Prompt Engineering:
        • Direct the model’s focus through refined prompts, activating learned patterns without additional training.
        • Examples must clarify expectations to improve outcomes.
        • Pros: Immediate results; no backend infrastructure changes needed.
        • Cons: Limited to existing knowledge and potential for trial and error in refining prompts.
  3. Combination of Approaches:
    • Effective systems may integrate RAG, fine-tuning, and prompt engineering to optimize performance in areas such as legal AI, balancing flexibility, knowledge extension, and expertise.
  4. Conclusion:
    • Advancements in LLMs demonstrate a shift from basic searching to complex interactions with AI, necessitating strategies to enhance their capabilities effectively.