Tesla, Inc. is an American company that designs, manufactures, and sells electric vehicles (EVs), energy generation and storage products (solar and batteries), and software-driven vehicle services including Autopilot and Full Self-Driving (FSD). Founded in 2003 and led by CEO Elon Musk, Tesla has grown from a niche EV maker into a vertically integrated sustainable-energy company with global manufacturing, vehicle production in the millions, and expanding ambitions in autonomy and robotics.

Key facts (as of 2025)

  • Headquarters: Palo Alto / Austin (operational hubs)
  • CEO: Elon Musk
  • Employees: 100,000+ (global)
  • Mission: “Accelerate the world’s transition to sustainable energy.”
  • Vehicle deliveries (2024): ~1.79M
  • Company production milestone: 8 millionth vehicle produced (June 2025)
  • Public listings / filings: SEC (CIK 0001318605)

Business segments

  1. Automotive
    • Primary revenue driver: vehicle sales, leasing, regulatory credits, and growing recurring revenue from software subscriptions (FSD).
    • Model lineup: Model S, Model 3, Model X, Model Y, and newer products such as the Cybertruck (rollout timeline phased) and smaller/region-specific models.
  2. Energy generation & storage
    • Products: Solar Roof, rooftop solar installations, Powerwall (residential), Megapack (utility-scale).
    • Strategic role: smooth renewable intermittency, enable microgrids, and provide grid services.
  3. Services & Other
    • Includes vehicle service, parts, insurance, Supercharger network revenue, used car sales, and software services.

Financial snapshot

  • Revenue growth (2017 → 2024): from ~92.7B (multiyear expansion)
  • Profitability: transitioned from multi-year losses in early history to sustained profitability (net income positive in recent years).
  • Cash position (Q2 2025 snapshot): ~$36B (approximate, per company reporting)
  • Revenue mix: Automotive largest share; Energy & Storage growing as strategic diversification.

Vehicles, production & manufacturing

  • Global manufacturing footprint includes Gigafactories in the U.S., China, and Europe; volumes reached nearly 1.8M vehicle deliveries in 2024.
  • Key manufacturing priorities: reduce cost per vehicle, localize production, scale Cybertruck and other newer models, and use automation to lower labor costs.
  • Robotics & automation: increasing emphasis on factory automation and development of general-purpose robots (“Bots”) for manufacturing/logistics.

Autonomy: Autopilot, FSD, and Robotaxi

  • Autopilot/FSD: Tesla sells driver-assistance features under these brands; FSD is distributed both as a one-time purchase and a subscription, contributing recurring revenue.
  • Development path: from driver-assist features toward higher levels of autonomy. Progress has been iterative and heavily software-driven, with wide public beta deployments.
  • Robotaxi (2025): Tesla announced/initiated Robotaxi commercial deployments in limited markets (Austin launch in mid-2025), positioning the company to compete in autonomous mobility-as-a-service.
  • Regulatory & safety context: Autonomy work continues under regulatory scrutiny; deployment and commercialization depend on regional regulations and demonstrated safety/performance.

Energy business details

  • Powerwall: residential energy storage that pairs with rooftop solar or the grid for backup and energy shifting.
  • Megapack: utility-scale batteries used by grid operators and large commercial customers to balance load and integrate renewables.
  • Solar products: rooftop solar and Solar Roof; direct installations and partnerships for distribution.
  • Strategic importance: diversifies revenue, creates cross-sell opportunities (vehicle + home energy), and strengthens Tesla’s sustainable-energy value proposition.

Leadership, governance & CEO award (high-level)

  • Elon Musk remains the public face and CEO; his compensation packages have been structured around aggressive, multi-metric performance awards tied to ambitious company milestones (market capitalization, vehicle volumes, FSD/Robotaxi/robot deployments). These structures tie executive payoff to long-term targets but have drawn investor and governance attention.

Risks & challenges

  • Competition: legacy automakers and new EV startups scaling EV models and price-competitive offerings.
  • Regulatory & litigation risk: autonomy claims, safety investigations, and advertising/claims around FSD.
  • Macro & demand cycles: EV demand sensitivity to incentives, interest rates, and consumer purchase cycles.
  • Supply chain & manufacturing: scaling new models (Cybertruck) and localized production can expose execution risk.
  • Reputation & leadership concentration: heavy dependence on Musk’s public persona and decision-making.

Strategic outlook (2025)

  • Short-term: manage demand normalization, protect margins, continue to scale energy products, and expand recurring revenue streams (FSD subscriptions, insurance, charging).
  • Medium-term: commercialize Robotaxi services at scale, expand energy storage deployments, and deliver on robotics/manufacturing automation.
  • Long-term: transform from an automaker to an integrated mobility + energy + robotics platform with software-defined recurring revenues.

Practical notes (how this affects users & partners)

  • Consumers: multiple purchase paths (direct sales), software updates over the air, optional FSD subscription, access to Supercharger network.
  • Businesses: opportunities for large-scale energy storage procurements (Megapack) and fleet partnerships for autonomous services.
  • Developers & researchers: Tesla’s data-rich fleet and OTA update model make it a valuable case study for vehicle-software integration and fleet learning.

Selected sources & further reading